Reminiscence of Birches - 779 Words

Reminiscence of â€Å"Birches† Robert Frost’s â€Å"Birches† is a poem that makes incites towards the shortness of one’s life. In the poem, Frost reminisces on his childhood, and remembers it all too well. The poem is meant to help the reader to reflect on his/her own life and leave them wanting to treasure moments of the present more intensely. The poem encourages its readers to think about what great things lay ahead, while looking at the positive side of life. Although Frost knew the tree branches were bent because of the ice storms, he liked to look at things in a more analytical way. Throughout the poem, Frost imagines that a young boy would play on the birch trees and climb â€Å"Toward heaven, till the tree could bear no more† (Line 56). Frost intends for his readers to look at things in a brighter perspective. It is obvious that the author has gotten old, and feels as if time went by too fast. Frost highlights the fact that the character lo ngs to return to the time when he was a young boy, swinging on trees. Robert Frost uses â€Å"Birches† to express melancholy towards growing old and accepting death. The life of Robert Frost brought many disappointments and eventually accomplishments. Mr. Frosts life began on March 26, 1874 in San Francisco, California. During his childhood, he experienced the sadness and abuse of an alcoholic father. When he was only eleven years old, his father died at the young age of 34. As a young boy Frost played baseball, trapped animals and climbedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Birches by Robert Frost1131 Words   |  5 PagesBirches I believe so much of poetry enlists the senses, beginning with the sense of sound. Whether it’s the rhythmic flow of the poem or the mere need to recite the words for a clearer understanding. The sense of sight can’t help but participate while one reads a poem. It’s like asking an artist to paint how he feels. Imagery is a key part of poetry creating a visual understanding. In the end poetry give a voice to the unsayable in our lives and indeed to life itself. After reading â€Å"Birches†Read MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesand authentic and their psychology is well-rendered. * * * The mood prevalent in the extract is (cheerfulness, humour, irony, gloom, nervousness, bleakness, melancholy, pensiveness, happiness†¦). The humorous tone (the meditative tone of the reminiscence†¦) is established from the very first lines and is sustained up to the end of the text. The tone of the extract is tensely dramatic. The author lays bare the spiritual drama of †¦ The story is full of jokes, witticism, light-hearted jest. This

Why we Fought in the War of 1812 Essay - 1102 Words

Why we Fought in the War of The war of 1812 is considered by some as the second war for independence.1 The United States had won its independence in 1783, but the British still treated the Americans as though they still had control of them. Americans resented the treatment they received from the British. They felt they were a free country and the British would not recognize them as so. This is believed by many to be the cause of the War of 1812, but no one act can be contributed as such. There were many events leading up to the War of 1812 they built up to the final explosion. These causes range from the Chesapeake to the Non-intercourse act. Although no one act can be contributed as starting the War of 1812, when all the events†¦show more content†¦This act would forbid any U.S. ship to sail from an U.S. port to a foreign port. In developing this act, Jefferson had hoped to find an alternating from war. The act failed. American coastal cities were soon desolated. All segments of the American economy were being affected by this act. The paralysis effect on the American economy accompanied by the almost unaffected economy of Great Britain led to only one thing, the American people were turning against one another.3 The American leaders learned one thing from this act, the war could not be fought through economic pressure, it would have to be won by military action. Accepting the disappointment of the Embargo Act, President Jefferson brought into effect the Non-Intercourse Act. The Non-Intercourse Act was somewhat similar to the Embargo Act, but with one distinct difference. The Non-Intercourse Act continued its no trade with Great Britain and France, but it allowed the U.S. to trade with all other foreign countries.4 This act was intended to bring the American economy out of despair yet continuing to punish Great Britain and France. The Non-Intercourse Act like its predecessor the Embargo Act failed miserably. Congress was forced to restructure the Non-Intercourse Act.5 The message that most Americans were formulating after the Embargo and Non-Intercourse acts was that the United States was not ready to fight. They were unprepared and unwilling to fight the British for control of theirShow MoreRelatedThe Second War Of Independence907 Words   |  4 PagesRevolutionary War. With the British infringing on their unalienable rights, the American c olonist knew they needed to take action to stop the overpowering British monarchy to preserve their freedom. The same situation arose in 1803 when the British started seizing American ships and stealing their goods. By 1812 the United States was fed up with Great Britain and their rebellious acts towards them. The United States declared war on June 18, 1812. Why is it that the American people consider the War of 1812Read MoreThe War Of New Orleans Essay1254 Words   |  6 Pagesbody_americanperspective_warof1812_2.jpg The War of 1812 is probably our most obscure conflict. Although a great deal has been written about the war, the average American is only vaguely aware of why we fought or who the enemy was. Even those who know something about the contest are likely to remember only a few dramatic moments, such as the writing of â€Å"The Star-Spangled Banner,† the burning of the nation’s capital, or the Battle of New Orleans. Why is this war so obscure? One reason is that noRead MoreThe War Of 1812 By President James Madison812 Words   |  4 PagesThe War of 1812 On June 1. 1812, President James Madison submitted a war message to the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States. This message Madison submitted describes how the British have been violating the American flag. It also in tells how the British violated neutrality rights in United States. The Americans also complained of dealing with British ships in American waters. The Americans were angry of the seizure of the American sailors to join the Royal Navy. Madison believedRead MoreThe War Of New Orleans1190 Words   |  5 PagesThe War of 1812 is probably our most obscure conflict. Although a great deal has been written about the war, the average American is only vaguely aware of why we fought or who the enemy was. Even those who know something about the contest are likely to remember only a few dramatic moments, such as the writing of â€Å"The Star-Spangled Banner,† the burning of the nation’s capital, or the Battle of New Orleans. Why is this war so obscure? One reason is that no great president is associatedRead MoreThe War of 1812 between American and Britain1712 Words   |  7 PagesRevolutionary War between America and Britain, was the year that marked the beginning of a new conflict that would last America the next three years, the War of 1812. On June 16th of that year, President James Madison declared the start of a war that would greatly impact the future of our country. Britain, still one of the worlds greatest superpowers, was currently warring with France at the time of the declaration, however, Britains reputation as a formidable opponent stood strong. The War of 1812 heldRead MoreFreedom Isnt Free1560 Words   |  7 Pagesplaced upon our countries most valued document they knew there would be bloodshed. But, deciding to fight for our own freedom was the only way we could govern ourselves and make our own laws without British rule. By breaking free of Britain we were able to worship the way we w anted to, we had the freedom to speak openly, we could live and build our homes where we wanted them. The pact the Founding Fathers made with the citizens of the new world was to guarantee their freedom forever with the ConstitutionRead MoreViolence Brought by Violence1464 Words   |  6 Pages(Chomsky). The history of the world is full of blood, greed, and violence. There has only been wars instigated by the rich, powerful and greedy. Violence often lead to more violence which will cause pain everywhere or somewhere in this world (Solter). Just as Issac Asimov once said, â€Å"Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent† but things tend to heat up and move up to the next level. Violence, especially in wars, only leads to further violence due to many different elements, especially vengeance, politicalRead MoreThe War Of 1812 And The United States1422 Words   |  6 PagesIn the year 1812, just 29 years after the American Revolution, the United States was already confronted with another War against their mother country. Ever since their last war, conflict has been brewing up between the two countries. Since the 1790s, American leaders like Presidents Washington and John Adams was trying to avoid with France and England. In 1793, the Proclamation of neutrality was passed, under Washington s presidency. In 1800, President Adams agreed to the Convention of 1800, whichRead MoreWar of 1812 DBQ857 Words   |  3 PagesThe War of 1812 was a war that lasted for two years that helped the United States to firmly and officially establish its independence. After finishing with the concern of France, England turned its attention over to the United States. At first, the United States did not want to resort to war and fighting (Doc. B) but rather sort out their issues economically--because England had seized all ships that did not stop in the British port before heading to their other European destinations, Congress passedRead MoreThe Fight Of American Independence Was Not One In Just1382 Words   |  6 Pagesfight of American independence was not one in just one war. It took two major wars over the course of almost forty years for America to finally be free of the superpower that was Great Britain. The two wars for the independence of the United States of America, the American Revolution and The War of 1812, were both fought here on the home front of America. The United States being the underdog, emerged victorious through both wars. These wars though were not without purpose. Both had their own set

Literature Review Cultures and Business

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review for Cultures and Business. Answer: Introduction The objective of this paper is to discuss the literature review for the article, Managing changes in globalizing business: How to manage cross-cultural business partners. In this article, authors have discussed the cultural impact on the business. It has been observed that various large organizations in the western countries like USA have been using the lean manufacturing system developed by Toyota. However, the establishment of this system depends on various internal and external factors of the organization that are determined by the cultural fit (Graen Hui, 1996). This article was published in the year 1996 but the learning of this article still holds true. In fact, with the forces of globalization and Internet, organizations have started to focus on international markets. Therefore, it is important that the organizations must have a clear understanding of the foreign markets and culture (Geringer, 1991). It would enable the organizations to conduct business swiftly in the interna tional markets. This article was published in the journal or organizational change management and in this article, authors argued that the organizations must analyze the external factors are the cultural factors before entering any new market. As a part of initial hypothesis, authors mentioned that a necessary but not sufficient condition for a successful transplant across vastly different cultures, such as from east to west, is the development over time of a third culture which is compatible with both of the original cultures, but transcends them to produce a unique venture culture(Graen Hui, 1996). Analysis Hunkeler, (2000) suggest that the cultural factors are the major driving factors that could define the critical success factors for organizations to operate and to succeed in the new and emerging markets. Authors highlighted that the cultural fit for organization would mean the integration of the financial, environmental and technological criterion to meet societal demands. The consequences of the decisions made will affect the micro and macro-economic environments. The use of standard measurements used by many organizations is often rolled up in the costs of the product. Henkeler, (2000) suggest what customers are willing to pay is a financial risk that organizations must take in order for long term survival in the new markets. In the article, authors mentioned that growth is a critical aspect of the organization when they enter the new markets. Looking at growth in the perspective of providing the needs of the organization, focusing on the roles management place in positively influencing the organization in efforts to provide a stable environment, and growing in a manner that considers placing the organization in a place where they can compete and adapt is an excellent perspective and certainly aids in the organization growing with efficiency. Another aspect of growth would be ensuring that the management of people is efficient in the organization in the new environment. This is know to be the stage in where the organization begins to groom its self for stability and success by placing the right people in the right places to establish and enforce organizational goals and initiatives that have been identified as critical factors of the organizations mission and vision (Phelps, et al., 2007). With this in pl ace the organization will be prepared to grown in all aspects that matter the most. The organization of people is also a very important aspect of growth in the multicultural environment. If a companys resources are mismanaged or inappropriately managed, a company will suffer from to crisis (Porter Steers, 1974). Such crises have plagued large companies such as the example given of Dell where management has become over bureaucratized and departments find themselves being suffocated by red tape. Therefore, large companies have looked to become a hybrid of a big company/ small company hybrid such as Johnston and Johnston who is actually a group of 250 separate companies operating in 57 countries (Daft, 2015). Such other large companies as Lowes have allowed each individual store manager the autonomy to operate as a small, hometown shop (Daft, 2015). Vanguard, another company, requires all managers even their CEO to spend time each month manning the phones and directly talking to customers (Daft, 2015). This intervention helps to eliminate the problem of isolate top ma nagers from not knowing what goes in the trenches. Authors mentioned that monitoring growth is an important aspect of organizational development in multicultural environment and is necessary to understand how effective the organization is. Throughout the organizational life cycle stages leaders must be able to recognize when it is necessary to revitalize the organization and its processes. During the initial stages of entrepreneurship creativity and innovation are at the forefront of the operation because the organization needs to make a path for success. Ironically, older organizations in the formalization stage are also marked by the need to revitalize and spark innovation in order to prevent decline (Hamel Prahalad, 1989). At each stage it is necessary for the organization to assume an entrepreneurial culture to continue to survive and thrive. Entrepreneurial culture is noted as a key outcome and indicator of innovation in an organization. An important extension of monitoring is acting upon what is discovered through monitoring. It is imperative for managers to recognize the signs of crisis in each stage and take action to regain some semblance of control over the outcomes of growth. Understanding the frame of reference of the followers or to whoever the leaders works with is very critical not only in cross-cultural but within different departments of the same organization. In fact, there could be cases when the same organization has different cultures across its departments or the organization could have different cultures across different geographies. For example, the organizational culture of Google Inc. may not be same in the developed countries like Australia and the developing countries like India. Today, the marketing culture is driven by rapport-building practices that attach high values to relationships and these relationships vary across different cultures (Leong Tan, 1993). Conclusion The article is an interesting article to read. In the article, authors mentioned that, change is constant and continuous improvement becomes a requisite to meet the demands of stakeholders and maintain a level of profitability. Many initiatives such as the International standards Organization (ISO), Lean, Quality and environmental initiatives will have an effect on the profitability of an organization (Graen Wakabayashi, 1991). Technology is changing rapidly, and globalization is increasing. This results in rapid changes in most organizations. I can say that I would agree with the authors point of view that organizations must have a clear understanding of the foreign markets and culture. I would also agree that the analysis and the study of the foreign culture and international market would enable the organizations to take effective business decisions. The authors argument holds true, as the organizations method of conducting business would be different in different markets. The approach that Apple takes to sell its I-Phone in American market may not work in the Indian market (Hui Lin, 1996). It is important that this approach should be contextualized with the local markets and external factors. Therefore, the study and analysis of the culture would be an added advantage for the organizations. The system like Lean manufacturing works best for Toyota in Japan, as the management was able to get the support from hard working staff in Japan. The success of these systems in the foreign market like USA would also need the suppo rt from employees and other stakeholders. The authors argument holds true as the study of the international culture and environment would help the decision makers to negotiate better and negotiation is often required when the companies enter into new regions. Therefore, it can be said that the deep understanding of the culture would enable the businesses to conduct business effectively in the foreign and international markets. In my opinion and from my experiences, continual reflections are a necessary element that can provide the lessons learned of the things that worked well and what hasnt worked as expected. From the failures, organizations can change even in closed systems. As we know organizational dynamics are not static and continually evolve. Organizations must adapt to the external environments to stay one step ahead of its competition to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. References Daft, R. L. (2015). Organization theory and design (12th ed.) Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Graen, G.B. and Wakabayashi, M., 1991. Cross-cultural human resource development for transfer of management technology.International Business and the Management of Change, pp.147-69. Graen, G. and Hui, C., 1996. Managing changes in globalizing business: how to manage cross-cultural business partners.Journal of Organizational Change Management,9(3), pp.62-72. Geringer, J.M., 1991. Strategic determinants of partner selection criteria in international joint ventures.Journal of international business studies,22(1), pp.41-62. Hamel, G., Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C., 1989. Collaborate with your competitors.Harvard business review,67(1), pp.133-139. Hui, C. and Lin, Z., 1996, January. Regulating collective actions: A case of two cultural systems. InResearch Workshop on Global Organizations at Hong Kong University of Science Technology. Hunkeler, D. (2000). Life Cycle Profit Optimization of a Business Opportunity. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 5(1), 59-62. Leong, S.M. and Tan, C.T., 1993. Managing across borders: An empirical test of the Bartlett and Ghoshal [1989] organizational typology.Journal of International Business Studies,24(3), pp.449-464. Phelps, R., Adams, R., Bessant, J. (2007). Life cycles of growing organizations: A review with implications for knowledge and learning. International Journal Of Management Reviews, 9(1), 1-30. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00200.x Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M., Mowday, R.T. and Boulian, P.V., 1974. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians.Journal of applied psychology,59(5), p.603.

Supply Chain discussion questions free essay sample

The first stage of the supply chain is the supplier. Initially, the supplier provides the material necessary for the production of the soda can to the manufacturer, who had previously passed an order for the material. When the material is passed from the supplier to the manufacturer, money is passed from the manufacturer to the supplier. Here, there was a flow of money, information, and material. After this, the distributer passes information to the manufacturer who in turn makes the product and delivers it in return for money. Again, we have a flow of money, information, and the product. Now let’s go back to the retailer sold the soda can to the customer. In order for the retailer to get the soda can, he had to order it from the distributor. In this stage of the supply chain the product is passed from the distributor to the retailer, and money and information is passed from the retailer to the distributor. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain discussion questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A customer purchasing a can of soda at a convenience store shows the end of the supply chain, which is the fulfilling of the customer request. The flow occurring with this purchase is the can going to the customer and the money and information going to the retailer that sold the soda can to the customer. Why should a firm like Dell take into account total supply chain profitability when making decisions? The objective of any supply chain is to be able to maximize the supply chain surplus, which is the difference between what the value of the final product is to the customer and the costs the supply chain incurs in filling the customer request. Total supply chain profitability is the difference between revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across the supply chain. A company like Dell needs to take into account total supply chain profitability when making decisions because it is the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages, and the higher the supply chain profitability, the more successful is the supply chain. For any profit making company, the supply chain surplus means the profit they are making, and a focus on growing the supply chain surplus pushes all the supply chain members towards growing. The success of a company relies mainly on the success of its supply chain and how it will manage to generate supply chain surplus. Dell recently had to change its supply chain due to new market demands. They are making improvements to their supply chain in order to respond to their customer demands in order to achieve supply chain surplus and make enough profits to stay on top. Dell, like any other company needs to keep track of its supply chain and keep improving its performance in order to be profitable. 3. What are some strategic planning and operational decisions that must be made by an apparel retailer like The Gap? Successful supply chain management requires many decisions relating the flow of information, product, and funds. All of the decisions are made for one purpose: the maximize supply chain surplus. Depending on the frequency and time frame of the decisions, they fall under three categories: strategic, planning, and operational. Strategic: During this phase, Gap should decide how to structure the supply chain over the next several years. Some of the strategic decisions that should be made by gap would be the location of the stores and warehouses. They should also make transportations decisions such as if they should take care of it themselves or hire someone for the transportation. Also, long term marketing plans about their brand should be made. Finally, the manufacturing decisions should be made such as where the manufacturing should be done and the choice of their suppliers. Planning: The goal of planning is to maximize the supply chain surplus that can be generated over the planning horizon given the constraints established during the strategic or design phase. The time frame for planning is considered to be 3 months. In this section, Gap should plan their seasonal marketing, as well as the seasonal demands and what clothes to be put on sale for the season. Here, they can also decide on which retailers to use, and the best times for their promotions. Operation: For the operations, the time frame is weekly or even daily, which means decisions made here are regarding individual customer orders. The only goal is to handle customer orders in the best possible way, since all of the other important decisions have been made in the other phases. Gap here would have to make decisions regarding where to allocate their inventory, pass their orders and chose delivery date. They will also have to schedule staff working time and work allocation, as well as replenishment dates. Consider the supply chain involved when a customer purchases a book at a bookstore. Identify cycles in this supply chain and the location of the push/pull boundary. All supply chain processes can be broken down into cycles that fall under four categories. These four categories connect two successive stages of a certain supply chain. Customer order cycle: this occurs when the customer purchases the book from the bookstore and connects the customer with the retailer. Replenishment cycle: this occurs when the retailer needs to pass an order from the distributor in order to have more books to sale. This cycle connects the retailer with the distributor. Manufacturing cycle: this occurs when the distributor’s warehouses start getting empty and they need more books to be made and delivered to them. This cycle connects the distributor to the manufacturer. Procurement cycle: this occurs when the manufacturer needs more supplies in order to make the books. They need the supplier to provide them with the material necessary for the book fabrication. This cycle connects the manufacturer with the supplier. In the case of the bookstore supply chain, the push/pull boundary exists between the customer order cycle and the replenishment cycle. Pull process means a reaction to customer demand, while push processes respond to speculated demands. During the customer order cycle it is the pull process occurring. The bookstore executes all processes in the customer order cycle after the customer order has taken place. All processes done in the other 3 cycles are done in anticipation of demand and therefore are push processes. 5. Consider the supply chain involved when a customer orders a book from Amazon. Identify the push/pull boundary and two processes each in the push and pull phases. Amazon sells books but does not have retail stores. Their books are sold via their Internet website. Amazon has their own warehouses where they store books to be sold, and they order their books directly from the publishers. Here the boundary between the pull and push processes can be different. If the customer orders a book that Amazon has in their warehouse, the customer order cycle is the only cycle using the pull phase and the other cycles are using the push phase because orders are being made speculatively since they are not made after customer order. On the other hand, if Amazon receives a specific customer order which they can not fulfill because they do not have it in their inventory, they will have to order from the publisher or another party making this part of the pull cycle. Push phase: one of the processes in this phase would be the amount of books inventory to be kept in their warehouses and how they should be arranged. The other process would be the replenishment of their inventory from the publishers. Pull phase: one of the processes would be fulfilling customer orders and the other would be the billing and shipping of books to the customers. In what way do supply chain flows affect the success or failure of a firm like Amazon? List two supply chain decisions that have a significant impact on supply chain profitability. Supply chain flows affect greatly the failure or success of a firm like Amazon. Especially for firms like Amazon, the flow of products must be quick and effective in order to satisfy customer demand. When customers make their orders they expect the product to be delivers within a certain period of time, and it is the correct functioning of the supply chain of the firm that will allow for that to happen and for the customer’s demand to be fulfilled. Without that, the company is doomed to fail. With a good flow of information, money, and product from the publisher to the distributor to the customer, and the good coordination of all the members of the supply chain, the success of Amazon is achieved. Two supply chain decisions that would have a significant impact on supply chain profitability would be replenishment orders and sourcing decisions. .